The mass of a unit volume of a gas at a stated temperature and pressure.

Corrosion with gas as the only corrosive agent and without any aqueous phase on the surface of the metal. Also called dry corrosion.

The potential difference at the junction of two dissimilar substances.

A generic term for microstructures formed by diffusionless phase transformation in which the parent and product phases have a specific crystallographic relationship. Martensite is characterized by an acicular pattern in the microstructure in both ferrous ...

A powerfully oxidizing allotropic form of the element oxygen. The ozone molecule contains three atoms (O3). Ozone gas is decidedly blue, and both liquid and solid ozone are an opaque blue-black color, similar to that of ink.

Naturally occurring magnetic oxide of iron (Fe3O4).

Embrittlement of stainless steels upon extended exposure to temperatures between 400 and 510

Whitening and loss of gloss of a usually organic coating caused by moisture. Also called blooming.

Breaks in a coating that extend through to the underlying surface.

An oil capable of conversion from a liquid to a solid by slow reaction with oxygen in the air.

A raised area, often dome shaped, resulting from (1) loss of adhesion between a coating or deposit and the base metal or (2) delamination under the pressure of expanding gas trapped in a metal in a near-subsurface zone. Very small blisters may be called p ...

(1) Reduction of corrosion rate by shifting the corrosion potential of the electrode toward a less oxidizing potential by applying an external electromotive force. (2) Partial or complete protection of a metal from corrosion by making it a cathode, using ...

The potential of a metal surface necessary to decompose the electrolyte of a cell or a component/substance thereof.

The weight of an element or group of elements oxidized or reduced at 100~ efficiency by the passage of a unit quantity of electricity. Usually expressed as grams per coulomb.

In a cathodic protection system, in electrically nonconductive material, such as a coating, plastic sheet or pipe that is placed between an anode and an adjacent cathode to avoid current wastage and to improve current distribution, usually on the cathode.

Change of electrode potential with respect to a reference value. Often the free corrosion potential is used as the reference value. The change may be caused, for example, by the application of an external electrical current or by the addition of an oxidan ...

Pertaining to the body-centered cubic crystal structure (BCC) of many ferrous (iron-base) metals.

The maximum stress (tensile. compressive, or shear) a material can sustain without fracture, determined by dividing maximum load by the original cross-sectional area of the specimen. Also called nominal strength or maximum strength.

An obsolete historical term denoting a form of stress-corrosion cracking most frequently encountered in carbon steels or iron-chromium-nickel alloys that are exposed to concentrated hydroxide solutions at temperatures of 200 to 250

A surface treatment at elevated temperature, generally carried out in pack, vapor, or salt bath, in which an alloy is formed by the inward diffusion of chromium into the base metal.