An electrical conductor that serves as a common connection for two or more electrical circuits; may be in the form of rigid bars or stranded conductors or cables.

A region of transition between semiconductor layers, such as a p/n junction, which goes from a region that has a high concentration of acceptors (p-type) to one that has a high concentration of donors (n-type).

The power conduit of an electric power plant; the starting point of the electric transmission system.

A quantity of (solid) biomass fuel equal to 2,400 pounds bone dry.

The temperature at which a material ignites.

The amount of electromotive force, measured in volts, that exists between two points.

The product of 1 hour, and usually the number of degrees Fahrenheit the hourly mean temperature is above a base point (usually 65 degrees Fahrenheit); used in roughly estimating or measuring the cooling load in cases where processes heat, heat from buildi ...

A component of a electrochemical battery. A 'primary' cell consists of two dissimilar elements, known as 'electrodes,' immersed in a liquid or paste known as the 'electrolyte.' A direct current of 1-1.5 volts will be produced by this cell. A 'secondary' c ...

The refrigerating effect in Btu/h produced by the difference in total enthalpy between a refrigerant liquid leaving the unit and the total enthalpy of the refrigerant vapor entering it. Generally measured in tons or Btu/h.

In a solar energy system, refers to all components other than the collector. In terms of costs, it includes design costs, land, site preparation, system installation, support structures, power conditioning, operation and maintenance costs, indirect storag ...

A thin coating of a material applied to a photovoltaic cell surface that reduces the light reflection and increases light transmission.

The demand on, or the power output of, an electrical system or any of its parts over an interval of time, as determined by the total number of kilowatt-hours divided by the units of time in the interval.

A method of predicting heating and/or cooling loads using instantaneous load calculation at different outdoor dry-bulb temperatures, and multiplying the result by the number of hours of occurrence of each temperature.

A type of heating fuel derived by refining crude oil that has a boiling range at atmospheric pressure from 400 degrees to 550 degrees F.

The usually unfinished space above a ceiling and below a roof.

The measure of seasonal or annual efficiency of a residential heating furnace or boiler. It takes into account the cyclic on/off operation and associated energy losses of the heating unit as it responds to changes in the load, which in turn is affected by ...

The chemical element commonly used as the dopant in solar photovoltaic device or cell material.

42 U.S. gallons (306 pounds of oil, or 5.78 million Btu).

The ratio of the average load on (or power output of) a generating unit or system to the capacity rating of the unit or system over a specified period of time.

A device, such as a steel plate, used to check, retard, or divert a flow of a material.