A pyranometer developed by M. Robitzsch. Its design utilizes three bimetallic strips which are exposed horizontally at the center of a hemispherical glass bowl. The outer strips are white reflectors and the center strip is a blackened absorber. The bimeta ...

The rate of decrease of pressure per unit distance at a fixed time.

An instrument which indicates the presence of dust particles in the atmosphere. Also spelled coniscope.

An instrument for measuring temperature by utilizing the variation of the physical properties of substances according to their thermal states. Thermometers may be classified into types according to their construction; deformation thermometer, electrical t ...

In general. the severe wind of an intense tropical cyclone (hurricane or typhoon). The term has no further technical connotation, but, unfortunately, is easily conftlsed with the strictly defined hurricane-force wind,

The time required for an instrument to register a designated percentage (frequently 90%) of a step change in the variable being measured.

A record obtained from a meteorograph. A chart in which meteorological variables are plotted against time.

The study of waters (including oceans, lakes, and rivers) embracing either: (a) their physical characteristics, from the standpoint of the oceanographer or limnologist; or (b) the elements affecting safe navigation, from the point of view of the mariner. ...

A curve showing the variation of temperature with height in the free air. See lapse rate.

An instrument for measuring angles of inclination. Used in conjunction with a ceiling light to measure cloud height at night.

General term for an instrument which records the vertical electric current in the atmosphere.

Pertaining to rain, or more broadly, to precipitation.

Determination of the total amount of snow covering a watershed or a given region. Both depth and water content of the snow may be measured, and the results may be used to predict the amount of water that will be available after melting.

Generic term for rapid variations in apparent position, brightness, or color of a distant luminous. object viewed through the atmosphere.

Any horizontal wind velocity tangent to the contour line of a constant pressure surface (or to the isobar of a geopotential surface) at the point in question.

The play or loose motion in an instrument due to the clearance existing between mechanically contacting parts.

A unit measure of electrical conduction. The facility with which a substance conducts electricity, as represented by the current density per unit electrical-potential gradient in the direction of flow. Electrical conductivity is the reciprocal of electric ...

Facing away from the wind.

Frequency Shift Keying. A form of frequency modulation of a data signal performed by a modem for transmission over dedicated wire or phone lines.

Any twelve-month period, usually selected to begin and end during a relative dry season. Used a basis for processing streamflow and other hydrologic data. The period from October 1 to September 30 is widely used in the U.S.