An increase in hardness and strength caused by plastic deformation at temperatures below the recrystallization range.

Deterioration of material caused by ion impact.

The art of producing metal powders and utilizing metal powders for production of' massive materials and shaped objects.

A plot of the redox potential of a corroding system versus the pH of the system, compiled using thermodynamic data and the Nernst equation. The diagram shows regions within which the metal itself or some of its compounds are stable.

A multiplying factor for applied stress that allows for the presence of a structural discontinuity such as a notch or hole; Kt equals the ratio of the greatest stress in the region of the discontinuity to the nominal stress for the entire section. Also ca ...

Coating metal with a very thin layer of molten solder or brazing filler metal.

The component of either a liquid or solid solution that is present to a lesser or minor extent: the component that is dissolved in thesolution.

Being or composed of matter other than hydrocarbons and their derivatives, or matter that is not of plant or animal origin. Contrast with organic.

A cracking process that requires the simultaneous action of a corrodent and sustained tensile stress. This excludes corrosion-reduced sections that fail by fast fracture. It also excludes intercrystalline or transcrystalline corrosion, which can disintegr ...

A metal in which the available electron energy levels are occupied in such away that the d-band contains less than its maximum number of ten electrons per atom, for example, iron, cobalt, nickel, and tungsten. The distinctive properties of the transition ...

See principal stress (normal).

Corrosion resulting from direct current flow through paths other than the intended circuit. For example, by an extraneous current in the earth.

The permanent (inelastic) distortion of metals under applied stresses that strain the material beyond its elastic limit.

(1) State of anodically passivated metal characterized by a considerable increase of the corrosion current, in the; absence of pitting, when the potential is increased. (2) The noble region of potential where an electrode exhibits at higher than passive c ...

Aqueous solution that contains 1 mole (gram-molecular weight) of solute in 1 L of the solution.

Brittle fracture of a metal in which the fracture is between the grains, or crystals, that form the metal. Also called intercrystalline fracture. Contrast with transgranular fracture.

Ferrire that is formed directly from the decomposition of hypoeutectoid austenite during cooling, without the simultaneous formation of cementite. Also called proeutectoid ferrite.

A single, solid, homogeneous crystalline phase containing two or more chemical species.

The shear stress on a transverse cross section resulting from u twisting action.

Same as bipolar electrode.