Determination of the total amount of snow covering a watershed or a given region. Both depth and water content of the snow may be measured, and the results may be used to predict the amount of water that will be available after melting.

Operation mode of a communication circuit in which each end can simultaneously transmit and receive.

A conically shaped, copper rain gauge shield.

Binary Coded Decimal. A coding system in which each decimal digit from 0 to 9 is represented by a 4-digit binary number.

A precipitation amount of less than 0.005 inches. Also, the record made by any self-registering instrument.

A clay atmometer consisting of a hollow ceramic sphere through which evaporation occurs. Evaporation is measured by the loss of water from the reservoir which feeds the sphere.

(1) The initial component or the sensing element of a measuring system. For example, the receiver of a rain gauge is the funnel which captures the rain and the receiver of a thermoelectric thermometer is the measuring thermocouple. (2) An instrument used ...

An approximation to the complete equations describing atmospheric motion in which only the terms most important for the growth and decay of synoptic scale extratropical weather systems (i.e., the large areas of high and low pressure seen on weather maps) ...

Not a linear function of the relevant variables.

A sunshine recorder of the type in which the time scale is supplied by the motion of the sun. It consists essentially of a spherical lens which bums an image of the sun upon a specialty prepared card.

A unit of illuminance or illumination equal to one lumen per foot'. This is the illuminance provided by a light source of one candle at a distance of one foot.

A system of designating meteorological observing stations by number. established and administered by the World Meteorological Organization. Under this scheme, specified areas of the word are divided into "blocks" each bearing a two-number designator. Stat ...

A hydrostatic principle that pressure supplied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the containing vessel.

The record of an aneroid barograph.

In general. the severe wind of an intense tropical cyclone (hurricane or typhoon). The term has no further technical connotation, but, unfortunately, is easily conftlsed with the strictly defined hurricane-force wind,

An instrument for determining the direction of cloud motion. There are two basic designs of nephoscope, the directvision nephoscope and the mirror nephoscope.

A captive balloon used to maintain meteorological equipment aloft at approximately a constant height. The kytoon is streamlined and combines the aerodynamic properties of a balloon and a kite.

A device used by oceanographers to obtain subsurface samples of sea water. The "bottle" is lowered by wire, its valves open at both ends. It is then closed in situ by allowing a weight (called a messenger) to slide down the wire and strike the reversing m ...

The total electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun. About 99.9 percent of its energy output falls within the wavelength interval from 0. 15 microns to 4.0 microns, with peak intensity near 0.47 microns. About one-half of the total energy in the solar ...

Name given to the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI). Equal to 1 newton/meter2 or 0.01 millibar.