(1) The ratio of the speeds of a chemical reaction at two temperatures differing by 10

Balance of the water resources of a region, comparing precipitation and inflow with outflow, evaporation, and accumulation.

In general, the transformation of data from a "raw" form to some useable form. In meteorology, this often refers to the conversion of the observed value of an element to the value which it would theoretically have at some selected or standard level. The m ...

A method of winds aloft observation accomplished by tracking a balloon-borne radar target or radiosonde with either radar or a radio theodolite.

Abbreviation for visual flight rules, but commonly used to refer to the relatively favorable weather and/or flight conditions to which these rules apply.

Any emission of light at temperatures below that required for incandescence.

Ragged low clouds, usually stratus fractus. Most often applied when such clouds are moving rapidly beneath a layer of nimbostratus.

Same as atmospheric pressure.

The ratio of the amount of electromagnetic radiation reflected by a body to the amount incipient upon it, commonly expressed as a percentage. The albedo is to be distinguished from the reflectivity, which refers to one specific wavelength.

Contraction for pilot balloon observation.

An up slope wind due to local surface heating. Opposite of katabatic wind.

A balloon-borne instrument for the simultaneous measurement and transmission of meteorological data. It includes transducers for the measurement of pressure, temperature, and humidity; a modulator for the conversion of the output of the transducers to a q ...

A type of electrical thermometer consisting of two thermocouples which are series-connected with a potentiometer and a constant-temperature bath. One couple, called the reference junction, is placed in a constant-temperature bath, while the other is used ...

An instrument used to determine atmospheric pressure or elevation by observing the boiling point of water or both liquids. The sensitivity of the hypsometer increases with decreasing pressure, making it more useful for high altitude work.

An instrument for determining the degree of polarization of light. See photopolarimeter.

An accumulation of granular ice tufts on the windward sides of exposed objects that is formed from supercooled fog or cloud and built out directly against the wind.

An instrument for the measurement of the net flux of downward and upward total (solar and terrestrial) radiation through a horizontal surface.

The group of bits which a computer processes as a unit; often, 8 bits.

In general, any object that reflects incident energy. Usually it is a device designed for specific reflection characteristics.

Wind with a speed between 11 and 16 knots (13 and 18 mph); Beaufort scale number 4.