A radiosonde which transmits the indication of the meteorological sensing elements in the form of a code consisting of combinations of dots and dashes.

modulated radiosonde-A radiosonde which transmits the indications of the meteorological sensing elements in the form of pulses spaced in time. The meteorological data are evaluated from the intervals between the pulses. Also called timeinterval radiosonde ...

A small balloon whose ascent is followed by a theodolite in order to obtain data for the computation of winds aloft.

General term for any device that measures precipitation: principally a rain gauge or snow gauge.

Any horizontal wind velocity tangent to the contour line of a constant pressure surface (or to the isobar of a geopotential surface) at the point in question.

A sudden brief increase in the speed of the wind, followed by a lull or slackening. Compare to peak gust.

An element that can control current without moving parts, heated filaments, or vacuum gaps.

Wind with a speed between 28 and 33 knots (32 and 38 mph); Beaufort scale number 7.

A thermometer whose sensitive element has been made to resemble a black body by covering it with lamp black. The thermometer is placed in an evacuated transparent chamber which is maintained at a constant temperature. The instrument responds to insolation ...

For a given locality and month, an empirical expression devised for the purpose of classifying climates numerically on the basis of precipitation and evaporation.

A colorless and odorless gaseous element. The lightest and apparently the most abundant chemical element in the universe. However, it is found only in trace quantities in the observable portion of our atmosphere, only about 0.00005 percent by volume of dr ...

General name for an instrument designed to measure the vertical component of the wind speed. See anemoclinometer.

A unit of power equal to one joule per second or 10' ergs per second.

pattern barometer-Mercurial barometer with a fixed scale and cistern and which therefore requires only one adjustment before each reading.

An absolute temperature scale with the degree of the Fahrenheit scale and the zero point of the Kelvin scale. The freezing point of water equals 491.69

In radiometry, a measure of the intrinsic radiant intensity emitted by a radiator in a given direction.

Movernent of water through the soil surface into the soil, or the quantity of water entering the soil. Infiltration is equal to the total precipitation less the losses due to interception by vegetation. retention in depressions on the land surface, evapor ...

Any soft, gentle breeze.

A sunshine recorder of the type in which the time scale is supplied by a chronograph. It consists of two bulbs, one of which is blackened, which communicate through a glass tube of small diameter. The tube is partially filled with mercury and contains two ...

A rainbow seen in the spray of the ocean. It is optically the same phenomenon as the ordinary rainbow.