Horizontally mounted block used to re-direct a line on deck.

Determination of the dutiable value of imported merchandise by a Customs official who follows procedures outlined in their country's tariff, such as the U.S. Tariff Act of 1930.

The document containing all particulars relating to the terms of agreement between the Master of the vessel and the crew. Sometimes called ship's articles, shipping articles.

(1) A large casting shaped to allow the propeller blades to revolve. The rudder is fitted on the after post. (2) The principal vertical timber in a ship's stern, upon which the rudder is fastened.

Through transportation of a container and its contents from consignor to consignee. Also known as House to House. Not necessarily a through rate.

An order issued by a seller against a purchaser; directs payment, usually through an intermediary bank. Typical bank drafts are negotiable instruments and are similar in many ways to checks on checking accounts in a bank.

A piece of rope placed so as to confine a spar or another rope. A handle made of rope, in the form of a circle, (as the handle of a chest.) is called a becket.

To turn the boat away from the wind. Also, Fall Off. The opposite of heading up.

A curved or vertical timber that when paired with a floor or additional futtocks makes the frame of a wooden ship.

Rum diluted with water. In the 1700s the daily ration of rum in the British Navy was diluted with water with the idea of reducing drunkenness. The term groggy was derived from the effects of drinking too much grog.

The tall, narrow, waterproof box that houses a vessel's centerboard and allows it to be retracted into the ship's hull.

The operation of rinsing out a cask to prepare it for new contents. Casks were once the primary means of carrying on board the necessary water and victuals.

The lower yard on a mizzen mast of a square-rigged ship.

To drag the bottom for an anchor. Also, large oars used in small vessels to force them ahead.

A fender made of granulated cork and covered with woven tarred stuff.

Abbreviation for "Destination Rail Freight Station." Same as CFS at destination, except a DRFS is operated by the rail carrier participating in the shipment.

The man stationed aloft or in the bows for observing and reporting objects seen.

A navigational instrument used to measure the altitude of celestial bodies

(1) To tip the boat over so that the boat is upside down with the mast pointing down to the sea bottom. (2) A bag in which a spinnaker or other large sail can be stowed with the lines attached so that it can be rapidly raised.

Pounds per square inch, differential.