Water that contains certain salts, such as those of calcium or magnesium, which form insoluble deposits in boilers and form precipitates with soap.

The wires, connectors, measuring devices, current sources, etc., that are used to bring about or measure the desired electrical conditions within the test cell. It is this portion of the cell through which electrons travel.

In a thermodynamic system of several constituents, the rate of change of the Gibbs function of the system with respect to the change in the number of moles of a particular constituent.

Anchor pattern on a surface produced by abrasive blasting or acid treatment.

Pertaining to the current resulting from the coupling of dissimilar electrodes in an electrolyte

Depositing filler metal on a surfsae by welding, spraying, or braze welding to increase resistance to abrasion, erosion, wear, galling. impact, or cavitation damage.

An equation that expresses the exact electromotive force of a cell in terms of the activities of products and reactants of the cell.

A galvanic cell resulting from inhomogeneities between areas on a metal surface in an electrolyte. The inhomogeneities may be of physical or chemical nature in either the metal or its environment.

(1) Possessing a marked ability to accelerate the condensation of water vapor; applied to condensation nuclei composed of salts that yield aqueous solutions of a very low equilibrium vapor pressure compared with that of pure water at the same temperature. ...

A protective or decorative nonmetallic coating produced in silo by chemical reaction of a metal with a chosen environment. It is often used to prepare the surface prior to the application of an organic coating.

An experimental technique where by an electrode is maintained at a constant current in an electrolyte.

Being or composed of hydrocarbons or their derivatives, or matter of plant or animal origin. Contrast with inorganic.

A metal having an extremely high melting point, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, chromium, vanadium, and rhenium. In the broad sense, this term refers to metals having melting points above the range for iron, cobalt, and nickel.

The force or load that produces elongation.

The maximum stress that a material can withstand for an infinitely large number of fatigue cycles. See also fatigue strength.

See embrittlement.

Substance formed as a result of corrosion

A graph or chart that shows constant corrosion behavior with changing solution (environment) composition and temperature.

(1) Formation of a new, strain free grain structure from that existing in cold worked metal, usually accomplished by heating. (2) The change from one crystal structure to another, as occurs on heating or cooling through a critical temperature.

(1) The formation at high temperatures of thick corrosion product layers on a metal surface. (2) The deposition of water-insoluble constituents on a metal surface.