A coating developed on a metal surface by a high temperature diffusion process (as carburization, calorizing, or chromizing).

A metastable aggregate of ferrite and cementite resulting from the transformation of austenite at temperatures below the pearlite range but above M

Corrosion that is accompanied by a flow of electrons between cathodic and anodic areas on metallic surfaces.

Same as strain hardening.

The condition of an electrode when the rate of anodic dissolution just balances the rate of cathodic plating.885

A list of elements arranged according to their standard electrode potentials, with "noble" metals such as gold being positive and "active" metals such as zinc being negative.

A segregated structure consisting of alternating nearly parallel bands of different composition, typically aligned in the direction of primary hot working.

Corrosion that occurs under organic films in the form of randomly distributed threadlike filaments or spots. In many cases this is identical to filiform corrosion.

Embrittlement under creep conditions of, for example, aluminum alloys and steels that results in abnormally low rupture ductility. In aluminum alloys, iron in amounts above the solubility limit is known to cause such embrittlement; in steels, the phenomen ...

The size of a flaw (defect) in a structure that will cause failure at a particular stress level.

Material placed in a drilled hole to fill space around anodes, vent pipe, and buried components of a cathodic protection system.

An electrode widely used as a reference electrode of known potential in electrometric measurement of acidity and alkalinity, corrosion studies, voltammetry, and measurement of the potentials of other electrodes. See also electrode potential, reference ele ...

(1) Water having salinity values ranging from approximately 0.5 to l7 parts per thousand. (2) Water having less salt than seawater, but undrinkable.

A factor of proportionality representing the amount of substance diffusing across a unit area through a unit concentration gradient in unit time.

A generic term for microstructures formed by diffusionless phase transformation in which the parent and product phases have a specific crystallographic relationship. Martensite is characterized by an acicular pattern in the microstructure in both ferrous ...

The least noble potential where pitting or crevice corrosion, or both, will initiate and propagate.

The maximum stress that a material is capable of sustaining without any permanent strain (deformation) remaining upon complete release of the stress.

Zinc oxide: the powdery product of corrosion of zinc or zinc-coated surfaces.

(1) A reduction of the anodic reaction rate of an electrode involved in corrosion. (2) The process in metal corrosion by which metals become passive. (3) The changing of a chemically active surface of' a metal to a much less reactive state. Contrast with ...

Evidence of plastic deformation in structural materials. Also called plastic flow or creep. See also flow.