A pattern of parallel surface cracks that are formed by alternate rapid heating and cooling of the extreme surface metal, sometimes found on forging dies and piercing punches. There may be two sets of parallel cracks one set perpendicular to the other.

The thermodynamic function 3G = 5H - TSS, where H is enthalpy, T is absolute temperature. and S is entropy. Also called free energy, free enthalpy, or Gibbs function.

Corrosion with gas as the only corrosive agent and without any aqueous phase on the surface of the metal. Also called dry corrosion.

A term primarily used in Europe to describe galvanic corrosion between dissimilar metals.

A powerfully oxidizing allotropic form of the element oxygen. The ozone molecule contains three atoms (O3). Ozone gas is decidedly blue, and both liquid and solid ozone are an opaque blue-black color, similar to that of ink.

Corrosion resulting from a cathodic condition of a structure usually caused by the reaction of an amphoteric metal with the alkaline products of electrolysis.

Embrittlement of stainless steels upon extended exposure to temperatures between 400 and 510

The frequency-dependent complex-valued proportionality factor (A

One or more anodes installed vertically at a nominal depth of 15 m (50 ft) or more below the earth's surface in a drilled hole for the purpose of supplying cathodic protection for an underground or submerged metallic structure. See also groundbed.

Fracture characterized by tearing of metal accompanied by appreciable gross plastic deformation and expenditure of considerable energy. Contrast with brittle fracture.

The maximum anodic current density observed in the active region for a metal or alloy electrode that exhibits active-passive behavior in an environment.

Electrolytic cleaning in which the work is the cathode.

Corrosion effect on a metal per unit of time. The type of corrosion rate used depends on the technical .system and on the type of corrosion effect. Thus, corrosion rate may be expressed as an increase in corrosion depth per unit of time (penetration rate, ...

(Galvanic Corrosion) Corrosion resulting from dissimilar metal contact.

Pertaining to the body-centered cubic crystal structure (BCC) of many ferrous (iron-base) metals.

Pitting corrosion resulting from deposits on a metal surface which cause concentration cells.

Cracking that occurs in the weld metal. See also cold cracking, hot cracking, lamellar tearing, and stress-relief cracking.

Embrittlement of alloy steels caused by holding within or cooling slowly through a temperature range just below the transformation range. Embrittlement is the result of the segregation at grain boundaries of impurities such as arsenic, antimony, phosphoru ...

A treatment of metal in a solution of a hexavalent chromium compound to produce a conversion coating consisting of trivalent and hexavalent chromium compounds.

Seawater containing a higher concentration of dissolved salt than that of the ordinary ocean.