The decrease of an atmospheric variable with height, the variable being temperature, unless otherwise specified.

Wind with a speed between 41 and 47 knots (47 and 54 mph); Beaufort scale number 9.

Operation mode of a communication circuit in which each end can simultaneously transmit and receive.

The actual lifting force of an inflated balloon, usually expressed in grams.

A mercury barometer arranged so that the position of the upper or lower meniscus may be measured photographically. In one design the image of the meniscus is formed on a rotating drum covered with sensitized paper so that a continuous record of pressure a ...

A unit of pressure equal to 10' dyne per cm-' (101 barye), 1000 millibars. 29.53 inches of mercury.

A generic term for any machine that enables a human being to communicate with a computer.

force wind-Wind with a speed above 64 knots (73 mph); Beaufort scale numbers 12 through 17.

A magnetometer of the electromagnetic type which is used to measure the horizontal intensity of the earth's magnetic field.

The direction from which the wind is blowing, measured in points of the compass or in azimuth degrees.

The distance or length of flow of the air past a point during a given interval of time.

In general, any object that reflects incident energy. Usually it is a device designed for specific reflection characteristics.

The transmission of data collected at a remote location over communications channels to a central station.

In general, the transformation of data from a "raw" form to some useable form. In meteorology, this often refers to the conversion of the observed value of an element to the value which it would theoretically have at some selected or standard level. The m ...

Fine dust or salt particles dispersed through a portion of the atmosphere; a type of lithometer. The particles are so small they cannot be felt or seen with the naked eye. Many haze formations are caused by the presence of an abundance of condensation nuc ...

Air in motion relative to the surface of the earth. Almost exclusively used to denote the horizontal component.

An absolute temperature scale with the ice point of pure water defined as 273.16 K. The size of the degree is the same as on the Celsius scale, and the zero point is absolute zero.

The physical exposure of an instrument. The effect of immediate environment upon the representativeness of the measurements obtained by meteorological instruments is considerable and not always correctable. The purpose of the instrument shelter is to prov ...

Same as ceiling light.

A halo phenomenon consisting of a horizontal circle passing through the moon, corresponding to the parhelic circle through the sun. Produced by reflection of moonlight from ice crystals.