An old nautical term for mercury barometer.

An instrument used to reveal but not necessarily measure the presence of an electrical quantity. It is used to display the output of a sensing element after suitable amplification and modification. Sometimes called display.

The temperature registered by a thermometer with its bulb at the level of the tops of the grass blades in short turf.

An instrument which measures combined direct solar radiation and diffuse sky radiation. See pyrheliometer, Robitzsch actinograph. solarimeter. See also albedometer.

See radiation shield.

The measuring, transmitting, receiving, and indicating apparatus for obtaining the value of a quantity at a distance.

An instrument of the aspiration condenser type which measures the concentration and mobility of small ions.

Pertaining to rain, or more broadly, to precipitation.

See calorie.

Pertaining to the action or effect of the wind. Derived from the name of the Greek god of the winds, Aeolus.

A unit of mass numerically equal to the molecular weight of the substance. The gram-mote or gram-molecule is the mass in grams numerically equal to the molecular weight, i.e. a gram-mole of oxygen is 32 grams.

A large plastic constant-level balloon for duration flying at very high altitudes.

The actual time during which physical events take place.

Barometer in which pressure is determined by balancing air pressure against the weight of a column of mercury in an evacuated glass tube.

Apparatus consisting of (a) standard radiosonde and radiosonde ground equipment to obtain upper-air data on pressure, temperature, and humidity, and (b) a self-tracking radio direction-finder to provide the elevation and azimuth angles of the radiosonde s ...

The total infrared radiation emitted from the earth's surface. To be carefully distinguished from atmospheric radiation, effective terrestrial radiation, and insolation.

Downward scattered and reflected solar radiation, coming from the whole hemisphere with the exception of the solid angle of the sun's disc on a surface perpendicular to the axis of this cone.

A set of weekly colored rainbow arcs sometimes discernable inside a primary rainbow.

A wind blowing in a direction opposite to the heading of a moving object, thus opposing the object's intended progress; the opposite of a tailwind.

The maximum difference in output for any given input (within the specified range) when the value is approached first with increasing, and then with decreasing, input signals. Caused by energy absorption in the elements of the measuring instrument. Usually ...