A measure of proportion by weight, equivalent to one unit weight of a material per billion (109) unit weights of compound. One part per billion is equivalent to 1 mg/kg.

The stress that will cause fracture in a creep test at a given time in a specified constant environment. Also called stress-rupture strength.

A substance that produces depolarization.

See gaseous corrosion.

The degradation of a solid body resulting from its exposure to cavitation. This may include loss of material, surface deformation, or changes in properties or appearance.

The potential corresponding to the maximum active current density (critical anodic current density) of an electrode that exhibits active-passive corrosion behavior.

Fracture characterized by tearing of metal accompanied by appreciable gross plastic deformation and expenditure of considerable energy. Contrast with brittle fracture.

A visible corrosion product consisting of hydrated oxides of iron. Applied only to ferrous alloys. See also white rust.

A period prior to the detection of corrosion while the metal is in contact with a corrodent.

A thin, tightly adhering oxide skin (only a few molecules thick) that forms when steel is tempered at a low temperature, or for a short time, in air or a mildly oxidizing atmosphere. The color, which ranges from straw to blue depending on the thickness of ...

An agent or combination of agents added to an electroplating bath to produce a smooth, lustrous deposit.

A process in which metal ions in a dilute aqueous solution are plated out on a substrate by means of autocatalytic chemical reduction.

The portion of solution in immediate contact with the cathode during electrolysis.

An accelerated corrosion test in which specimens are exposed to a fine mist of a solution usually containing sodium chloride, but sometimes modified with other chemicals.

The part of the total carbon in steel or cast iron that is present as other than free carbon.

A process involving conjoint corrosion and cavitation.

(1) The amount of any substance dissolved or deposited in electrolysis is proportional to the total electric charge passed. (2) The amounts of different substances dissolved or deposited by the passage of the same electric charge are proportional to their ...

Fracture of a metal during quenching from elevated temperature. Most frequently observed in hardened carbon steel, alloy steel, or tool steel parts of high hardness and low toughness. Cracks often emanate from fillets, holes, corners, or other stress rais ...

The destruction of adhesion between a coating and the surface coated.

A metastable lamellar aggregate of ferrite and cementite resulting from the transformation of austenite at temperatures above the bainite range.