The difference between the actual electrode potential when appreciable electrolysis begins and the reversible electrode potential.

An imprecise term used to denote a treatment given cold-worked material to reduce its strength to a controlled level or to effect stress relief. To be meaningful, the type of material, the degree of cold work, and the time-temperature schedule must be sta ...

The net transfer of electric charge per unit time. Also called electric current. See also current density.

Electrodepositing a metal or alloy in an adherent form on an object serving as a cathode.

An accelerated corrosion test for some electrodeposits for anodic coatings on aluminum.

That portion of the base metal that was not melted during brazing, cutting, or welding, but whose microstructure and mechanical properties were altered by the heat; Refers to area adjacent to a weld where the thermal cycle has coused microstructural chang ...

See chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition and sputtering.

Coal tar or asphalt-based coating.

A network of checks or cracks appearing on the surface.

The liquid material remaining from pulpwood cooking in the soda or sulfate paper-making process.

In electroplating, a supplementary anode positioned so as to raise the current density on a certain area of the cathode and thus obtain better distribution of plating.

Performing a chromate treatment

A condition in which a piece of metal, because of an impervious covering of oxide or other compound, has a potential much more positive than that at the metal in the active state.

The phenomenon leading to fracture under repeated or fluctuating stresses having a maximum value less than the tensile strength of the material. Fatigue fractures are progressive and grow under the action of the fluctuating stress.

The current flowing to or from a unit area of an electrode surface, generally expressed as amps per sq ft or milliamperes per sq ft (also milliamps per sq cm, etc).

The maximum current density that can be used to obtain a desired electrode reaction without undue interference such as from polarization.

A composite metal containing, two or more layers that have been bonded together. The bonding may have been accomplished by co-rolling, co-extrusion, welding, diffusion bonding, casting, heavy chemical deposition, heavy electroplating, or explosive claddin ...

The eutectic of the iron-carbon system, the constituents of which are austenite and cementite. The austenite decomposes into ferrite and cementite on cooling below the temperature at which transformation of austenite to ferrite or ferrite plus cementite i ...

The process in which a metal fractures prematurely under conditions of simultaneous corrosion and repeated cyclic loading at lower stress levels or fewer cycles than would be required in the absence of the corrosive environment.

Deposition of a metal or compound on a heated surface by reduction or decomposition of a volatile compound at a temperature below the melting points of the deposit and the base material. The reduction is usually accomplished by a gaseous reducing agent su ...